Metal alloy.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

-.ELwooD HAYNES, or xoxono, INDIANA.

mm; ALLOY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

- Patented Dec. i7, ioo'r.

A eutian and April as. 1901; .Borlel Ho. aoaavo.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELWOOD Hiram, a citit to be substltute for mildtempered stee in the manufacture of edge tools, as table and pocketcutlery, physicians and dentists instruments, or standards of weight,measures, etc., etc.

Among the objects of. my invention is to produce a commerciallypractical metal aloy having the roperties above set forth and which iscapable of being forged, hammered or otherwise worked into various formsof instruments and articles, and which is highly adapted, amon otheruses, as'a' substitute for steel and ot er metals which have beenheretofore plated in order'to rovide a suitable luster and resist the'oxi izing and corrosive action of the atmosphere and fumes commonlyoccurrin' in the atmosphere; and also toprovide an a loy that is ca ableof being substituted-in many cases or the rare and highly expensivemetals com rising the so called polyxene group, inclu ing platinum,rhodium, irridium, palladium andosmium.

An alloy made in accordance with my invention is composed of chromium orother metal of the chromium group having properties like chromium, whenconsidered with respect to the peculiar pro erties of my novel alloy,combined with co alt in the proortions substantially as hereinafter-specied. The metals included in the chromium oup to which reference hasbeen made emraces, in addition to chromium, tungsten, molybdenumand-uranium. While I may employ other metals of the chromium group thanchromium, my. experiments u present time have led'me to prefer t elatter metal as possessing the most desirable qualities of a constituentof my alloy for the purposes and uses intended, though 1t maybe to thechromium ent of the a loy.

I'havediscovered that an alloy may be produced by fusing togetherchromium and cobalt, in the hereinafter specified, having such proerties as will enable it to receive an extreme y lustrous olish,rivaling silver in this respect, andw 'ch is capable of resistingoxidation and all form of corrosivefumes commonly occurring in theatmosphere, and showing no tendency to tarnish when exposed to theatmosphere of a chemical laboratory for 9, Ion period of time, and evenretainingits bril iantly polished surface when subjecting it to boilingnitric acid. By reason of these" and other dproperties of the alloy itmay be substitute for many of'the metals of what is termed the olyxenegroup hereinbefore referred to. or example my alloy may be used in themanufacture of standards of found for different uses other metals ofthe:

oup may be used as a constituproportions substantially as weight andmeasures and analogous p'urposes which have heretofore been made. ofplatinum and; irridium, with the result of possessing all the practicaladvantages of those metals at an immensely reduced cost to roduce thesame. ere as an additional valuable property of this alloy, that itpossesses a de cc of hardness and elasticity which isfu ly equal to thatof mild tempered steel and may be formed into edge tools havin cuttingqualities closely comparable to too s made of tempered steel. I havefound that the alloy may be best worked into forms of utility whenraised to the temperature of red. heat.

In order that the alloy shall most advantaties varying degrees containsfrom ten to sixty per cent. of chromium, together with a correspondingvariation of cobalt. For 1nstance, I have found that an alloconsistingof substantially ten per cent. 0 chromium and ninet per cent.cobalt is capable of takin a satis actory cutting edge, is hard whilenot brittle, but is not so resistive t'o COITOSIOI] as an alloycontaining from twenty-five to thirty per cent. of chromium, while analloy I have also discov-.

including the latter and somewhat. higher proportions of chromium arebetter suited to edged tools and likeimplements. I'have found that wecarbonless chromium is very diflieult to 6 and the methods hereinafterreferred to are the only ones of which I am aware that may besuccessfully practiced in alloy and is more readily tarnished. I de-.

sire it to be understood," however, that I may -is placed in a furnacehned with ma combine .small uantities of other substances with thealloyescribed such as will not objectionabl effect the nature of thebinary alloy for t e purposes stated.

I have roduced the alloy of chromium and cobalt y three differentmethods or processes. One method or process consists in placing the puremetals, chromium and coalt, in a magnesia crucible, which crucible thecrucible heated by an oxyhy ogen flame. The metals may be fused in acrucible of similar character and constructionheated by an electric arc.The third method of fusing the metals to alloy the same consists in theoxid of chromium with th required proportion of oxid of cobaltfand esia'introduced into a crucible lined with magnesiaor alumina, and themixture is either heated until decomposition takes place or is' 40ignited cold and the metals are reduced to the metallic state and at thesame tlme fused to a regulus by the extremely high tempera ture thusproduced.

. I claim as my invention -2 U 1. A metal alloy composed of a metal ofthe chromium group and cobalt;

2. A metalalloy composed, f cobalt and more than ten per cent. of ametal of the chromium group.' Y

3. A metal alloy composed of chromium and cobalt in the proportions ofmore-than ten per cent. of the chromium.

4. A bina metal alloy composed ofchromium an cobalt;

.5. A metal alloy composed of chromium and cobaltin the proportions ofmore than tenper cent. and less than sixty er cent. of the chromium, theremainder o the alloy being cobalt.

In testimony that 'I claim the foregoing as my invention I aflix my siature in the presence of two witnesseeat 's 9th day of AprilA. 111907.

a ELWQOD HAYNES.

Witnesses:

'DON WATSON 'FBANK- J. FANNING.

